Certified Crop Advisor Practice Exam

When discussing soil health, high levels of organic matter are often associated with which property?

1. High Drainage Capacity

2. High Erosion Risk

3. Improved Biodiversity

4. Lower Fertility

The correct answer is: Improved Biodiversity

High levels of organic matter in soil play a crucial role in enhancing soil health, and one of the key benefits is the improvement of biodiversity within the soil ecosystem. Organic matter provides a habitat and food source for a variety of soil organisms, including bacteria, fungi, earthworms, and other macro and microorganisms. This diverse community of organisms contributes to better nutrient cycling, enhanced microbial activity, and greater resilience to environmental stressors. Increased biodiversity promotes a healthier soil environment, as these organisms work in symbiosis to decompose organic materials, release nutrients, and improve soil structure. Healthy soil with rich organic matter supports not only soil-dwelling life but also contributes to the overall productivity of agricultural systems by aiding in crop growth and health. In contrast, high drainage capacity can sometimes be beneficial but is not a direct result of organic matter; it often depends on other soil properties. Similarly, high erosion risk is typically associated with poor soil health and can be exacerbated by factors such as lack of vegetation cover, rather than high organic content. Lastly, lower fertility is counterintuitive to the benefits of organic matter, as organic materials generally enhance nutrient content and availability in the soil.